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1.
Rev. Nac. (Itauguá) ; 8(2): 04-18, dic 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: biblio-884748

ABSTRACT

Introducción la lepra, llamada también enfermedad de Hansen, es una afección de la piel y de los nervios periféricos, infectocontagiosa, causada por Mycobacterium leprae. Las reacciones lepromatosas se presentan aún con tratamiento y son expresiones de respuesta inmunitaria. Conocerlas es importante a fin de facilitar el abordaje. Objetivo determinar la frecuencia y tipo de reacciones lepromatosas en pacientes con diagnóstico de lepra que acuden al centro de referencia de Enfermedad de Hansen en el Hospital Distrital de San Lorenzo, de enero 2013 a diciembre 2015. Metodología observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo de corte transverso. Resultados se incluyeron 217 pacientes, 72% presentaban lepra MB y 63% era de sexo masculino. La prevalencia de reacción lepromatosa fue 44%, siendo más frecuentes las de tipo 2 (65%). Se presentó reacción lepromatosa como debut de la enfermedad en 27 %. Treinta y tres pacientes presentaron de tres a doce episodios de reacción lepromatosa. El tratamiento fue talidomida y corticoides. Conclusiones la prevalencia de leprorreacciones fue cercana al 50%, predominando las de tipo 2. El tratamiento utilizado fue talidomida y/o corticoides dependiendo del tipo de reacción lepromatosa.


Introduction leprosy, wich is cause by Mycobacterium leprae, also known as Hansen's Disease, affects skin and peripheral nerves. Lepromatous reactions (LRs) are expressions of an immune reaction and remain as a major persistent problem. LRs are present even with appropriated treatment. Emphasis must be made in early diagnosis and prevention of the catastrophic consequences of LRs. Objective to determine the frequency and type of lepromatous reactions in leprosy patients with leprosy attending to reference center of Hansen´s Disease in the District Center Hospital in San Lorenzo, from January 2013 to December 2015. Methodology observational, retrospective cross sectional study. Results 217 patients were included, 72% with multibacillary leprosy. 63% were male. Lepromatous reactions were found in 44%, been more frequent Type II reaction, in 65% of cases. LRs as oset disease occurred in 27%. 33 patients presented from 3 to 12 episodes of lepromatous reaction. The number of LRs episodes per patient were 3 to 12. Thalidomide was used as treatment in Erithema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL) and corticosteroids for the other types de LRs. Conclusions prevalence of PRs were 50%, been more frecuent the type II. Reaction the treatment used was Thalidomide and/or corticosteroids depending on the type of lepromatosus reaction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Leprosy, Multibacillary/physiopathology , Leprosy, Multibacillary/epidemiology , Leprosy, Paucibacillary/physiopathology , Leprosy, Paucibacillary/epidemiology , Paraguay/epidemiology , Thalidomide/therapeutic use , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Erythema Multiforme/drug therapy , Erythema Multiforme/epidemiology , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Erythema Nodosum/drug therapy , Erythema Nodosum/epidemiology , Leprosy, Multibacillary/drug therapy , Leprosy, Paucibacillary/drug therapy
2.
West Indian med. j ; 58(3): 227-230, June 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672476

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Cutaneous reactions are among the most common adverse reactions to drugs. The purpose of this study is to examine the aetiology and outcome of cutaneous drug reactions among patients admitted to the Dermatology Ward at the University Hospital of the West Indies. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study looking at all patients who were admitted with a diagnosis of a cutaneous drug eruption from January 1, 1997 to December 31, 2005. Data included patient demographics, date of admission to hospital, duration of hospitalization and a detailed drug history including any previous episodes of drug sensitivity. All drugs reportedly ingested by the patients up to three months prior to their cutaneous reaction were documented and the period of time between drug ingestion and the appearance of skin lesions was also noted. Clinical diagnosis, co-morbidities, histopathological diagnosis, final outcome and all ensuing disabilities were noted. The data retrieved were collated and analyzed using SPSS 12.0. RESULTS: The results showed a female to male ratio of 2.2:1. The categories of drugs most commonly implicated were antimicrobials followed by anti-epileptic drugs and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The most common form of drug eruption requiring admission was the exanthematous drug eruption followed by erythema multiforme, toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. CONCLUSION: In general, the causative agents identified and the types of drug eruptions were similar to those found in previous studies. However, the anti-epileptic drugs, phenytoin and carbamazepine, ranked among the most commonly implicated drugs which differ significantly from other studies.


Las reacciones cutáneas se hallan entre las reacciones adversas más comunes frente a los medicamentos. El propósito de este estudio fue examinar la etiología y la evolución clínica de las reacciones cutáneas medicamentosas entre pacientes ingresados a la sala de dermatología en el Hospital Universitario de West Indies. MÉTODOS: Este es un estudio retrospectivo que pasa revista a todos los pacientes que fueron ingresados con diagnóstico de erupción cutánea desde el 1ero. de enero de 1997 al 31 de diciembre de 2005. RESULTADOS: Los resultados mostraron una proporción hembra-varón de 2.2:1. Las categorías de los medicamentos más frecuentemente implicados fueron los antimicrobianos, seguidos por los medicamentos antiepilépticos y los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos. La forma más común de erupción que requirió ingreso a causa de medicamentos, fue la erupción exantemática medicamentosa seguida por el eritema multiforme, la necrólisis epidérmica tóxica, y el síndrome de Stevens-Johnson. CONCLUSIÓN: En general, los agentes causativos identificados y los tipos de erupciones medicamentosas, fueron similares a los hallados en estudios previos. Sin embargo, los antiepilépticos conocidos como fenitoína y carbamazepina, estuvieron entre los medicamentos más comúnmente implicados, presentándose en tal sentido una diferencia significativa con los otros estudios.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Drug Eruptions/epidemiology , Pharmaceutical Preparations/adverse effects , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome , Anti-Infective Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects , Anticonvulsants/adverse effects , Comorbidity , Dermatology/statistics & numerical data , Drug Eruptions/etiology , Erythema Multiforme/chemically induced , Erythema Multiforme/epidemiology , Hospital Departments/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, University , Jamaica/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/chemically induced , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/epidemiology , Treatment Outcome
3.
Medisan ; 12(4)oct.-dic. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-532490

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo de 38 pacientes de ambos sexos con eritema multiforme, ingresados en el Servicio de Dermatología del Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba en el trienio 2005 – 2007, con vista a determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la enfermedad, que fue diagnosticada en 2,67 por ciento de todos los afectados y hospitalizados por diferentes dermatopatías durante ese período. En la casuística predominó el eritema multifome menor como forma clínica (81,6 por ciento), fundamentalmente en las mujeres (57,6 por ciento) y en las personas de 60 y más años. En 44,8 por ciento de los integrantes de la serie no se pudo identificar la causa del padecimiento.


A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study of 38 patients of both sexes with multiforme erythema, admitted at the Dermatology Service of Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital from Santiago de Cuba was carried out in the triennium 2005 - 2007, aimed at determining the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of the illness, which was diagnosed in 2,67 percent of all those affected and hospitalized by different dermatopathies during that period. The minor multiforme erythema prevailed as clinic form (81,6 percent), fundamentally in women (57,6 percent) and in people of 60 years and over. In the 44,8 percent of the cases the cause of this disorder could not be identify.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Erythema Multiforme/diagnosis , Erythema Multiforme/epidemiology , Inpatients , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
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